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What is the difference between brushless excitation and brush excitation of a generator?
The former has an AC exciter and rotating silicon rectifier, but has no carbon brushes and requires less cleaning and maintenance work. The latter has a carbon brush slip ring, but has a fast excitation response.The only difference is: the magnetic field winding of a brushed alternator rotates with the generator rotor; while the magnetic field winding of a brushless alternator is stationary, that is, it does not rotate with the rotor. Therefore, the two leads of its magnetic field winding can be led directly from the rear end cover, eliminating the need for regular maintenance and repair of carbon brushes and slip rings. Since the field winding and the armature winding are both fixed on the rear end cover of the generator, the claw-shaped magnetic poles installed on the rotor assembly rotate in the gap between the armature winding and the field winding during operation.
The advantages of brushless alternators are: no sparks when working, little interference to radio equipment, and overcoming the problems of poor contact, no power generation or unstable power generation caused by brush generators due to friction and wear between carbon brushes and slip rings. Common malfunctions. The disadvantage is that due to the addition of two additional gaps in the magnetic circuit, the charging performance at low speed is slightly lower than that of a brushed generator.
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